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目的探讨成都市儿童青少年富含蛋白质食物摄入与青春期发育的关系。方法采用整群抽样法选取成都市1669名7~15岁儿童青少年作为研究对象,采用食物频率问卷收集富含蛋白质食物的摄入情况,利用现场观测了解其青春期发育状况,通过秩和检验进行组间比较分析二者关系。结果成都市男生红肉及白肉摄入量均随睾丸体积增大而增加(P<0.05);已初遗男生红肉、白肉及奶类摄入量均高于未初遗者(P<0.05);红肉及白肉摄入量均随发育程度的升高而增加(P<0.05),发育早期组男生奶类摄入量较多(P<0.05)。女生豆类摄入量随乳房发育水平升高先减少后增加(P<0.05),奶类摄入量乳房未发育者明显高于乳房已发育者(P<0.05);已初潮女生红肉摄入量高于未初潮者(P<0.05),豆类、水产类、蛋类及奶类摄入量均低于未初潮者(P<0.05);红肉摄入量随发育程度升高而增加(P<0.05),豆类、水产类、蛋类及奶类摄入量随发育程度升高而减少(P<0.05)。结论成都市儿童青少年富含蛋白质食物摄入与青春期发育有关,且不同类别食物对青春期发育的影响存在性别差异。
Objective To explore the relationship between the intake of protein-rich foods and adolescent development in children and adolescents in Chengdu. Methods A total of 1669 adolescents aged 7-15 years in Chengdu were selected as study subjects by cluster sampling method. The intake of protein-rich foods was collected by food frequency questionnaire, and their adolescent developmental status was observed by field observation. A comparative analysis of the relationship between the two. Results The intake of red meat and white meat in boys in Chengdu increased with the increase of testicular volume (P <0.05). The intake of red meat, white meat and milk in boys were higher than those without missing ). The intake of red meat and white meat increased with the increase of developmental degree (P <0.05), but the male group had higher intake of milk in early development (P <0.05). Female students’ intake of legumes first decreased and then increased (P <0.05), while the amount of intakes of breast milk was significantly higher than that of those who had breast development (P <0.05) (P <0.05). The intake of beans, aquatic products, eggs and milk were lower than that of the non-menarche (P <0.05). The intake of red meat increased with the development level (P <0.05). The intake of legumes, aquatic products, eggs and milk decreased with the increase of development (P <0.05). Conclusion The intake of protein-rich foods in children and adolescents in Chengdu is related to the development of adolescence. There are also gender differences in the effects of different types of foods on puberty.