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翻阅晚清军事史,人们常会困惑于一个奇怪的现象:开战伊始,清政府往往信心十足。而当前方战事犹酣之际,统治集团已斗志全无,投降言论逐渐占据上风。对此,学界多归结为清朝腐败无能、军队装备落后,却忽略了经济因素的作用。以第一次鸦片战争为例,根据一份当时户部的文档可知,经过2年战争消耗后,“各省封贮及留协等银均已陆续支缺”。如果再打下去,或将
Reading the military history of late Qing Dynasty, people often confused in a strange phenomenon: the beginning of the war, the Qing government often full of confidence. However, when the current fighting is still harsh, the ruling clique has lost all its courage and surrendered its opinions gradually. In this regard, the academic community attributed more to the Qing Dynasty corruption and incompetence, backward military equipment, but neglected the role of economic factors. Taking the first Opium War as an example, according to a document from the then Ministry, after 2 years of war consumption, the “silver in the provinces, such as storage, retention, and retention of aid, have been gradually eliminated.” If you go down, or will