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目的了解企业员工对常见职业病知识的知晓水平,为开展职业病防治提供依据。方法对鹤山市6 603名职业健康体检的企业员工进行职业病相关知识知晓水平、知识获取途径的问卷调查与分析。结果男性、大学及以上学历、工龄>10年、年龄在25~40岁、管理岗位以及外资企业的员工职业病知识知晓率较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对粉尘、有机溶剂和噪声的危害知识知晓率(83.70%、52.59%和42.32%)和防护知识知晓率(87.13%、65.28%和38.71%)差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。职业病知识的获取途径以厂内培训为主,占83.80%。结论企业员工职业病知识知晓水平不高。应以噪声和有机溶剂的危害和防护知识为主要内容,重点对女性、低学历、高龄、工龄较短、生产岗位以及私企员工开展健康教育。
Objective To understand the knowledge level of common occupational diseases among employees and provide the basis for the prevention and control of occupational diseases. Methods A questionnaire survey and analysis were conducted on 6 603 occupational health examination staffs in Heshan City about the knowledge of occupational disease-related knowledge and knowledge acquisition. Results Male, college and above, 10 years of age, 25 to 40 years of age, management positions and knowledge of occupational diseases in foreign-funded enterprises were higher, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The awareness of dust, organic solvents and noise (83.70%, 52.59% and 42.32%) and awareness of protective knowledge (87.13%, 65.28% and 38.71%) were all significantly different (P <0.01). Knowledge of occupational diseases access to factory-based training, accounting for 83.80%. Conclusion The level of knowledge about occupational diseases in enterprises is not high. Should be noise and organic solvents and the protection of knowledge as the main content, focusing on women, low education, senior citizens, shorter service life, production positions and private employees to carry out health education.