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目的了解老年2型糖尿病(DM)(T2DM)患者和无任何口腔习惯的非DM患者口腔黏膜病变(OML)的患病率,探讨DM与口腔癌前病变的关系。方法横断面研究,将210例老年T2DM患者设为试验组,按照1∶1配对原则,210例无任何口腔习惯的非DM患者设为对照组,根据国际标准对两组进行详细的口腔检查,并进行问卷调查。结果试验组OML患病率52.9%,对照组38.6%,尤其在裂纹舌、地图舌、义齿性口炎、口角炎、口疮性口炎、创伤性溃疡方面,两组患病率差异显著(P<0.05);OML与DM患者代谢控制呈显著相关(P<0.05);关于癌前病变,实验组2例扁平苔藓,对照组无,两组无差异(P>0.05)。结论 DM患者较非DM患者OML患病率高,OML与DM患者代谢控制、口腔癌前病变均相关。提醒临床医师在诊治OML的同时,重视DM的存在与伴随。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions (OML) in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and non-DM without oral hygiene and to explore the relationship between DM and oral precancerous lesions. Methods A total of 210 elderly patients with T2DM were enrolled in the study. According to the principle of 1: 1 pairing, 210 non-DM patients without any oral habit were defined as the control group. According to the international standards, the two groups were subjected to detailed oral examination, And conduct a survey. Results The prevalence of OML was 52.9% in the test group and 38.6% in the control group, especially in the areas of cracked tongue, map tongue, denture stomatitis, angular stomatitis, aphthous stomatitis and traumatic ulcer (P <0.05). There was a significant correlation between OML and metabolic control in DM patients (P <0.05). For precancerous lesions, there were no obvious differences between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of OML in DM patients is higher than that in non-DM patients, and the metabolic control and Oral precancerous lesions are related to OML and DM patients. Remind clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment of OML at the same time, pay attention to the presence and companion of DM.