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对于细菌素的研究和应用,最初是出于医学上的考虑,所以迄今研究最充分的是大肠杆菌所产生的细菌素——大肠菌素(Colicin)。1925年Gratia发现一株大肠杆菌(Escheri-chia coli)所产生的细菌素时,认为它是一种非常专化的抗菌物质。后来才发现这类抗菌物质是蛋白质,与一般抗菌素不同,并正式使用细菌素这个名称(Bacteriocin)(Jacob 1953).目前普遍承认的细菌素定义是:“一种细菌的某些菌系所产生的对该种细菌的另一些菌株或
For the study and application of bacteriocins, originally for medical reasons, so far the most fully studied is the colicin produced by E. coli - colicin. When Gratia discovered a bacteriocin produced by Escherichia coli in 1925, Gratia considered it to be a very specialized antimicrobial substance. It was later discovered that such antimicrobial substances were proteins, different from the general antibiotics and formally used the name bacteriocin (Jacob 1953). Bacteriocin is now generally accepted as being defined as "the production of certain bacterial strains of a bacterium Other strains of this bacterium or