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人工智能(artificial intelligence，AI)作为计算机科学学科的一个重要分支，主要用于模拟和开发可以与人脑相似的智能算法。本文阐述了AI的基本理论并将其在医疗领域的应用信息进行整合，强调目前AI在临床眼科的应用及局限性，为未来可能采取的解决方案提供一些线索及思路。“,”Artificial intelligence (AI), as an important branch of computer science, is mainly used to simulate and develop algorithms that are similar to human intelligence.This review integrates the basic theory of AI and its application information in medical field, especially emphasizing the application and limitation of AI in ophthalmology.Hopefully, some new ideas and solutions could be provided in the future.