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[目的]研究污灌玉米中有机污染物对小鼠的遗传损伤及其氧化损伤机制。[方法]选取某污灌农田产出的玉米为研究对象,地下水灌溉的玉米为对照,采用超声振荡法提取玉米中的有机污染物,对小鼠灌胃法染毒(共分为5组,每组8只:试剂对照组、对照区低剂量组、对照区高剂量组、污灌区低剂量组、污灌区高剂量组)。每日染毒1次,染毒剂量:低剂量组相当于10g玉米干重(/kg·d),高剂量组相当于60g玉米干重(/kg·d)。连续染毒2周后,进行单细胞凝胶电泳试验、微核试验并测定总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活力、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活力和丙二醛(MDA)含量。[结果]与试剂对照组比较,对照区各组的T-SOD活力均降低(P<0.05);污灌区拖尾率、拖尾长度及微核率均增高,且高于对照区(P<0.05);污灌区T-SOD和GSH-PX活力均降低(P<0.05和P<0.01),且低于对照区(P<0.05)。[结论]该污灌区玉米有机提取物中含有致小鼠遗传毒性及氧化损伤的有机污染物,其毒性强于对照区。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the genetic damage and oxidative damage mechanism of organic contaminants in sewage irrigation corn on mice. [Method] The maize output from a sewage irrigation farmland was selected as the research object, and the groundwater irrigation corn was used as the control. The organic pollutants in the corn were extracted by ultrasonic vibration method and the mice were gavaged with the virus (divided into 5 groups, 8 in each group: reagent control group, low-dose control group, high-dose control group, low-dose sewage treatment group, high-dose sewage treatment group). Exposure to a daily dose, exposure dose: low-dose group is equivalent to 10g dry weight of corn (/ kg · d), high-dose group is equivalent to 60g dry weight of corn (/ kg · d). After 2 consecutive weeks of exposure, single-cell gel electrophoresis, micronucleus test and determination of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) Aldehyde (MDA) content. [Result] Compared with the control group, the T-SOD activity in all the control groups was decreased (P <0.05). The tailing rate, trailing length and micronucleus rate in sewage irrigation area were all higher than those in control area (P < 0.05). The activities of T-SOD and GSH-PX in sewage irrigation area were decreased (P <0.05 and P <0.01) and lower than those in control area (P <0.05). [Conclusion] The organic extract of maize in this sewage irrigation area contained the organic pollutants that induced genotoxicity and oxidative damage in mice, and its toxicity was stronger than that in the control area.