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目的：为了分析哮喘的发病规律及其影响因素。方法：对上海市部分地区219名哮喘儿童采用回顾性调查。结果：哮喘首次发病集中在6岁以内（占75％）。发病诱因主要为天气变化（6386％）和感冒受凉（56．63％）。好发季节为秋季居多（63.10％），秋冬、冬春季节交替时也好发。好发时间多在深夜（53、99％）。咳嗽、胸闷、流涕等为常见先兆症状，83．95％的患儿有过敏性疾病史，以鼻炎、湿疹居多。治疗上多用支气管扩张剂（87．05％），多为合并用药。结论：为减少或阻止儿童支气管哮喘发作，必须重视对儿童支气管哮喘的有效防治措施。
Objective: To analyze the incidence of asthma and its influencing factors. Methods: A retrospective survey of 219 asthmatic children in some areas of Shanghai was conducted. Results: The first incidence of asthma concentrated in less than 6 years old (75%). The predisposing factors were mainly the change of weather (6386%) and colds (56.63%). The predominant season is mostly autumn (63.10%), autumn and winter, winter and spring alternate too. Good hair time in the night (53,99%). Cough, chest tightness, runny nose and other common symptoms of aura, 83.95% of children have a history of allergic diseases, mostly rhinitis, eczema. Treatment of bronchodilators (87.05%), mostly combined medication. Conclusion: In order to reduce or stop the onset of bronchial asthma in children, we must pay attention to the effective prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma in children.