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目的 寻找四川省西部藏区家庭饲养牲畜人群包虫病的风险因素。方法 用问卷调查的方式收集有关包虫病风险因素的数据。以家庭饲养家畜的人群作为分析细粒棘球蚴病和泡球蚴病风险因素的研究对象。结果 本调查揭示了犬是这些地区泡球蚴病的最重要传染源。 19岁以下的人群大多患细粒棘球蚴病而非泡球蚴病 ,19～ 38岁的人群 ,尤其是妇女 ,增加感染泡球蚴病的风险 (女对男OR =2 438,CI =1 317～ 4 5 14,P <0 0 5 )。游牧、年龄大、耍犬及食物不防蝇等可增加患细粒棘球蚴病和泡球蚴病的机会。此外 ,饲养牦牛或绵羊的人群患两型包虫病的风险均增大 ,饮用不安全水源致使患泡球蚴病的可能性增加。结论 除年龄、性别、环境状况及卫生行为外 ,饲养牦牛或羊和耍犬也增加了患包虫病的风险。
Objective To find the risk factors of hydatid disease in domestic cattle raising families in western Tibetan areas of Sichuan Province. Methods A questionnaire was used to collect data on the risk factors for hydatid disease. The population of domesticated livestock was used as the research object to analyze the risk factors of Echinococcus granulosus and alveolar echinococcosis. Results The survey revealed that dogs are the most important source of infection of alveolar echinococcosis in these areas. The majority of people under the age of 19 were suffering from Echinococcus granulosus disease rather than alveolar echinococcosis, and those at the age of 19 to 38 years, especially women, were at increased risk for alveolar neoplasia (female OR = 2 438, CI = 1 317 ~ 4 5 14, P <0 0 5). Nomadic, older, dogs and food are not flies, etc. can increase the chance of suffering from echinococcosis and alveolar echinococcosis. In addition, the risk of suffering from both types of echinococcosis is increasing in those raising yaks or sheep, and the risk of hydatid disease is increased by unsafe drinking. Conclusion In addition to age, gender, environmental conditions and hygiene practices, raising yaks or sheep and dogs has also increased the risk of hydatid disease.