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目的分析境外输入性疟疾疟原虫病原学特点。方法对62例北京友谊医院北京热带医学研究所2015年1—12月所确诊的输入性疟疾患者进行疟原虫虫种及感染阶段鉴定,计算红细胞感染率,并分析45例恶性疟患者红细胞感染率与血小板计数的关系。结果 62例患者通过血涂片确诊,恶性疟45例(72.5%),间日疟8例(12.9%),三日疟4例(6.5%),卵形疟5例(8.1%);50例(80.7%)可见环状体,8例(12.9%)可见大滋养体,2例(3.2%)可见裂殖体,2例(3.2%)可见配子体;31例红细胞感染率<2%,8例≥5%。恶性疟患者红细胞感染率越高,血小板计数越低。结论境外输入性疟疾病原学表现复杂,以恶性疟为主。感染疟原虫的定性与定量测定对于临床诊治均具有重要意义。
Objective To analyze the etiological characteristics of malaria parasites imported malaria abroad. Methods Sixty-two cases of imported malaria patients confirmed by Beijing Institute of Tropical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital from January to December, 2015 were identified as Plasmodium falciparum and infection stage. The rate of erythrocyte infection was calculated. The infection rate of erythrocytes in 45 cases of falciparum malaria Relationship with platelet count. Results 62 cases were diagnosed by blood smear, 45 cases (72.5%) were Plasmodium falciparum, 8 cases (12.9%) were Plasmodium vivax, 4 cases (6.5%) were Plasmodium malaria, 5 cases were oviposited malaria (8.1%); Large trophozoites were found in 8 cases (12.9%), schizonts in 2 cases (3.2%), gametocytes in 2 cases (3.2%), infection rate of erythrocytes in 2 cases (2% 8 cases ≥ 5%. The higher the rate of erythrocyte infection in patients with falciparum malaria, the lower the platelet count. Conclusions The etiology of imported malaria is complicated by P. falciparum. Qualitative and quantitative determination of Plasmodium infection for clinical diagnosis and treatment are of great significance.