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明正统十四年(1449年)八月,明英宗朱祁镇在“土木之役”中被俘、羁留蒙古整一年,明人讳称此事为英宗“北狩”。述及此事的直接史料有李实《北使录》、袁彬《北征事迹》、哈铭《正统临戎录》及《正统北狩事迹》等。史官刘定之《否泰录》成书较早,也是研究明英宗事件的基本史料。这一组史料记述了明英宗被俘及羁留蒙古期间发生的诸多事件,内容丰富、记载详实。而其作者均为与蒙古高层接触过或在蒙古生活过的明人,因此记录尤为珍贵。虽不以载录民俗事项为其要旨,但行文中多涉猎民俗文化方面的信息,具有不可代替的史料价值。
In Mingzheng fourteen years (1449), in August, Mingzong Zhu Qizhen was captured and detained in Mongolia for a whole year. The Ming taboo claimed this as Yingzong “North Hunting.” The direct historical materials mentioning this fact include Li Shi “North Envoy”, Yuan Bin “North Envoy”, Ha Ming “Orthodox Lin Rong Lu” and “Orthodox Northern Hunting Deeds” and so on. The historian Liu Dingzhi’s book “No Tai Lu” was published earlier, and was also the basic historical material for studying the Ming Yingzong incident. This set of historical materials records many incidents that took place during Ming Yingzong’s capture and detention of Mongolia. It is rich in content and well documented. Records are especially precious, given that the authors were all those who had come into contact with or were living in Mongolia. Although not to record folk matters for its essence, but the text more folk culture and cultural information, with irreplaceable historical value.