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OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of the traditional Chinese procedure abdominal Tuina (AT) on chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS).METHODS:This randomized,single assessor-blinded clinical trial was carried out from May 2014 to April 2015.Eighty participants in the trial were divided randomly into two groups:experimental group and control.The experimental group (40 cases) was treated by AT and the control group (40 cases) by acupuncture.Each treatment was conducted once a day,5 d for one course,at an interval of 2 d between each course.The whole treatment course lasted for 4 weeks.To ascertain the effect of AT and acupuncture,Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14),Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) scores were used before and after treatment.Patients were followed up for 3 months after treatment.RESULTS:After treatment for 4 weeks,77 patients (39 cases in the experimental group and 38 cases in the control group) completed the trial.The FS-14,SAS and HAMD scores decreased (P ＜ 0.05) significantly compared with those before treatment in both groups.The FS-14 and HAMD (P ＜ 0.05) scores in the experimental group were much lower than those in the control group.The difference in SAS scores between the two groups was not significant.In the final follow-up,CFS in two cases in the experimental group and three in the control group recurred,but the difference was not significant.The scores for the FS-14,SAS and HAMD in the experimental group were superior to those of the control group,and the difference was significant (P ＜ 0.05).No serious adverse events and few adverse events were observed.CONCLUSION:AT elicited a more efficacious effect than acupuncture alone on CFS.