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在小学数学教学中,引导学生观察的方法一般有分总式观察法、比较式观察法、递进式观察法、静动式观察法、联想式观察法五种,现分述如下:一、分总式观察法,是指将一个整体先分解成几部分尔后去观察,再综合起来,形成整体的表象。例如:观察下列三式后计 按上面计算的结果,可以引导学生分别以(1)(2)(3)一部分一部分去观察,然后加以综合,归纳出1/n-1/n+1=1/n(n+1)。 在教学中,还要注意培养学生善于观察对象的整体,要求学生在观察中不能孤立地盯在某一点或某一个局部上,要从整体到局部,从局部回到整体的全面深入观察。
In primary school mathematics teaching, the methods of guiding students to observe are generally sub-total observation method, comparative observation method, progressive observation method, static movement observation method and associative observation method, which are described as follows: Sub-total observation method, refers to a whole first divided into several parts later to observe, and then together to form the overall appearance. For example: Observing the following three types of post-mortem meter results calculated above, you can guide the students to (1) (2) (3) part of the observation, and then summed up, 1 / n-1 / n +1 = 1 / n (n + 1). In teaching, but also pay attention to cultivating students good at observing the whole object, requiring students in the observation can not be staring alone in a certain point or a local, from the whole to the local, from the local back to the overall comprehensive and in-depth observation.