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在近室温条件和超声波作用下,通过固相化学反应一步合成了La(Oxin)3.3H2O(8-羟基喹啉镧)纳米晶。用X射线衍射及电子衍射法分析了固相产物的物相,用透射电子显微镜观测粒子的大小、形貌、粒径及粒径分布。结果表明,产物为颗粒大小均匀、平均粒径约为40 nm的纳米晶,产率为95.9%。改变反应物、反应物配比、掺入惰性物质、加入微量溶剂或表面活性剂、研磨不同时间等固相反应条件对合成纳米晶的晶粒形貌、粒度和粒径分布有一定影响。合成的纳米晶材料具有操作方便、合成工艺简单、产率高、选择性好、粒径均匀、且粒度可控、污染少,同时又可以避免或减少液相中易出现的硬团聚现象等突出优点。
La (Oxin) 3.3H2O (8-hydroxyquinoline lanthanum) nanocrystals were synthesized in one step by solid-state chemical reaction under the condition of near room temperature and ultrasonic wave. The phase of the solid product was analyzed by X-ray diffraction and electron diffraction. The size, morphology, particle size and particle size distribution of the particles were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the product was nanocrystalline with a uniform particle size and average particle size of about 40 nm with a yield of 95.9%. Modification of the reactants, the ratio of the reactants, the incorporation of inert substances, the addition of trace amount of solvent or surfactant, grinding at different times and other solid-state reaction conditions have an effect on the crystal morphology, particle size and particle size distribution of the synthesized nanocrystals. The synthesized nanocrystalline material has the advantages of convenient operation, simple synthesis process, high yield, good selectivity, uniform particle size, controllable particle size and less pollution, and at the same time, can avoid or reduce the hard agglomeration phenomenon easily appearing in the liquid phase advantage.