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目的探讨弥漫性轴索损伤的临床诊断、治疗及预后。方法回顾总结我科于2010年5月~2014年9月期间收治的58例弥漫性轴索损伤患者的诊断和救治体会。结果 58例患者中恢复良好的27例,中度残疾的12例,重度残疾的8例,植物生存8例,死亡3例。结论弥漫性轴索损伤(DAI)的早期诊断,综合治疗,可提高DAI治愈率。DAI的早期诊断主要依靠对病史及受伤机制的分析和早期的CT和MRI检查。DAI的治疗以综合性治疗为主,早期给予脱水降颅压、亚低温治疗、激素、神经营养药物等手段治疗,并及时防治并发症,后期给予高压氧、针灸等辅助治疗可以改善患者的预后。
Objective To investigate the clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of diffuse axonal injury. Methods The diagnosis and treatment of diffuse axonal injury in 58 patients admitted to our department from May 2010 to September 2014 were reviewed and summarized. Results Of the 58 patients, 27 were well recovered, 12 were moderately disability, 8 were severe disability, 8 were plant-based and 3 were fatal. Conclusion Early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of diffuse axonal injury (DAI) can improve the cure rate of DAI. Early diagnosis of DAI mainly rely on the analysis of history and injury mechanisms and early CT and MRI examination. The treatment of DAI is mainly based on comprehensive treatment. Early treatment of dehydration and intracranial pressure reduction, mild hypothermia, hormones and neurotrophic drugs, and timely prevention and treatment of complications, postoperative hyperbaric oxygen, acupuncture and other adjuvant therapy can improve the prognosis of patients .