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对河道汇流过程进行模拟可为洪水灾害预警预报提供参考。利用水力水文学方法能很好地模拟河道汇流过程,但需要输入的参数多,运算过程复杂,对数据精度要求高,而且在无资料区流域无法确定河道上断面流量情况下,该方法具有一定局限性。本文将元胞自动机模型与水文模型相结合,构建了河道汇流过程中的元胞自动机模型和产流汇流规则。通过建立河道坡面拓扑关系,利用SCS-CN(Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number)模型逐个计算河道元胞上的坡面入流,并利用曼宁方程模拟河道汇流过程,最后在Arc Engine平台下进行二次开发,实现了河道汇流可视化。本文以厦门市茂林溪流域为研究区,对1997年5月6日至7日的一场降雨进行了模拟。将本文模拟结果与该流域其他学者的研究进行了对比分析,结果表明在输入数据与水文模型参数相同的情况下,本文不仅模拟出每次降雨间隔产生的较小洪峰,并且整场降雨产生的最大洪峰流量精度与时间精度均提高了5倍,可以更准确地模拟河道汇流过程,适用于河道汇流可视化,该模拟可以为洪水灾害预警预报提供一定参考。
Simulation of river convergence process can provide reference for early warning and forecast of flood disaster. The hydrological hydrology method can well simulate the process of river channel convergence, but it needs to input many parameters, the calculation process is complicated, and the data accuracy is very high. In the case of the river basin without data area, the method has some certainty limitation. In this paper, the cellular automata model and the hydrological model are combined to build the cellular automata model and runoff confluence rules in the confluence of the river channels. By establishing the topological relationship of the river slope, the inflow of slope on the cell of the river was calculated one by one using the model of soil conservation service-curve (SCS-CN), and the river convergence process was simulated by Manning equation. Finally, Development, the realization of the river confluence visualization. In this paper, the Maolin River Basin in Xiamen City as a study area, a rainfall from May 6 to May 7, 1997 was simulated. The simulation results of this paper are contrasted with those of other scholars in this basin. The results show that this paper not only simulates the smaller peak of each rainfall interval when the input data and hydrological model parameters are the same, The maximum peak flow accuracy and time accuracy are increased by 5 times, which can simulate the river convergence process more accurately and are suitable for visualization of river convergence. This simulation can provide reference for the early warning and forecasting of flood disasters.