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根据2010年在长沙地区所收集的降水、河水、泉水和井水水样资料,分析了取样期间不同水样稳定同位素的变化特征,并结合湘江长沙段水位和相关气象资料,揭示了降水中δ18O、δD因水汽来源不同而其表现出冬半年高、夏半年低的特点;由于降水降落于地表后,地表对降水滞留作用而使得河水、泉水和井水中δ18O、δD的波动幅度明显小于降水中δ18O的波动幅度;在汛期,河水中δ18O算术平均值大于降水,在枯水期河水中δ18O比泉水和井水中δ18O要大;河水线(RWL)的斜率和截距与全球大气水线(GMWL)比较接近,说明该地区位于季风区河流的补给主要来自大气降水,井水线(WWL)的斜率和截距比泉水线(SWL)要小,这表明降水入渗形成井水过程中经历的蒸发作用要比形成泉水要强,井水补给比泉水补给要复杂。这为今后研究该地区地表水-地下水-大气降水之间转换关系提供了科学依据,对掌握“三水”间转换规律和合理开发利用水资源具有重要的意义。
Based on the collected data of precipitation, river water, spring water and well water collected in Changsha in 2010, the variation characteristics of stable isotopes of different water samples during sampling were analyzed. Based on the water level and related meteorological data of Changsha section of Xiangjiang River, the δ18O ΔD showed the characteristics of high in winter and low in summer and a half in summer due to different sources of water vapor. The δ18O and δD fluctuations in river water, spring water and well water were significantly smaller than those in precipitation due to the retention of precipitation on the surface after the precipitation landed on the ground surface In the flood season, the arithmetic average of δ18O in river water is larger than precipitation, and δ18O in river water is larger than δ18O in spring water and well water in dry season. The slope and intercept of RWL are compared with GMWL This shows that the recharge of the monsoon river mainly comes from atmospheric precipitation. The WWL has a smaller slope and intercept than that of the spring water line (SWL), which indicates the evaporation experienced during the formation of well water by rainfall infiltration Stronger than the formation of springs, well water supply more complex than the spring water supply. This provides a scientific basis for the study of the conversion between surface water, groundwater and atmospheric precipitation in the future, and is of great significance in grasping the law of conversion between Sanshui and the rational exploitation and utilization of water resources.