论文部分内容阅读
中国地大物博,资源丰富,土特产品种繁多,工艺制品雕刻精美,琳琅满目。凡此等等,对各国商人无不具有莫大的吸引力。随着中国商业和商人资本的发展,他们很早就不断寻求与外界进行贸易活动。所以,中国的国际贸易有着悠久的历史。从明末到鸦片战争以前的清王朝统治时期,由于封建政府的闭关政策,使中国的国际贸易受到极大的影响。鸦片战争后,中国沦为半封建半殖民地社会,西方几个资本主义国家的商人伴随着武力侵略大量来到中国,进行贸易活动。从明清以来,葡萄牙、荷兰、英国、法国、日本和俄国等国商人对中国贸易最为活跃。学术界对此作了大量研究。而对中德之间贸易往来关系的探讨就有所忽略。事实上,中德两国的贸易有着源远流长的关系,出于历史造成的原因,使两国贸易显出波浪曲析。
The vast territory of China, rich in resources, a wide variety of native products, carved craft products, an array of items. All these, etc., are all attractive to businessmen all over the world. As Chinese commerce and merchant capital grew, they had long sought to trade with the outside world. Therefore, China’s international trade has a long history. From the late Ming Dynasty until the reign of the Qing Dynasty before the Opium War, China’s international trade was greatly affected by the closed-door policy of the feudal government. After the Opium War, China became a semi-feudal and semi-colonial society. Merchants in several western capitalist countries came to China with large quantities of armed aggression to carry out trade activities. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, businessmen from countries such as Portugal, the Netherlands, Britain, France, Japan and Russia have been most active in China’s trade. The academic community made a lot of research. However, the discussion on the trade relations between China and Germany has been neglected. In fact, the trade between China and Germany has a long standing relationship. For historical reasons, the trade between the two countries shows a wave.