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《马桥词典》是一部非常富有象征意蕴的小说 ,它对人与社会、人与文化、语言与存在等关系有着非常深刻的理解。通过“词”与“词典”两个意象来类比 ,一方面 ,我们每个人都有一本自己的“词典” ,但同时又是社会生活 (词典 )中的一个“词” ;另一方面 ,社会本身就是一部不以个人意志为转移的“词典” ,而同时又是个人人生这部“词典”中的一个词。“词”与“词典”的本体是共同的 ,即语言。人类生活于语言之中 ,这是人类的一个重大特征 ,以至于长期以来大多数人把“语言”当做存在本身。而语言的多义性与理解的多元性往往成为人类冲突的根源 ,反过来影响人类生活的方向。但语言和存在终究根本上是两回事。“社会生活”是指现在 ,“历史”是指“过去的生活” ,同样 ,人们所谓的“历史” ,也不过是一种语言 ,而非存在。
The Maqiao Dictionary is a very symbolic novel with a very deep understanding of the relationship between man and society, man and culture, language and existence. On the one hand, each of us has our own “dictionary”, but at the same time it is a “word” in social life (the dictionary); on the other hand, society Itself is a “dictionary” that is not transferred from the will of the individual, but at the same time it is a word in the “dictionary” of personal life. “Word” and “Dictionary” ontology is common, that is, language. Human beings live in language, which is a major feature of humanity, so that most people have long regarded “language” as being itself. The polysemy of language and the diversity of understanding often become the root cause of human conflicts, which in turn affect the direction of human life. But language and existence are basically two different things after all. “Social life” means that now, “history” means “past life.” Similarly, what people call “history” is nothing but a language, not a reality.