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冬小麦是陇东地区最重要的粮食作物,为了解陇东地区冬小麦遗传多样性及群体结构,选取105对引物对56份陇东地区冬小麦品种进行SSR遗传多样性和群体结构分析,对电泳结果进行统计发现有85对SSR引物表现出多态性。试验发现:有多态性的85对引物总计检测到243个等位变异,变异范围在2~6之间,均值为2.86个每个标记,多样性平均值为0.438 5,多态信息含量(PIC)介于0.035 7~0.746 2之间,平均值为0.382 4,每个标记遗传多样性组成中获得有效性的平均值为93.8%,Shannon指数变幅为0.092 2~1.562 2;遗传相似性指数(GS)变幅在0.509 6~0.760 6,平均值为0.641 4,GS值为0.619 0处可将56份材料分为5个类群,群体遗传结构分析将56份材料划分为2个亚群,每个亚群包含29、27份材料。结果表明陇东地区冬小麦遗传背景相对丰富,可为今后育种工作提供丰富的亲本资源,同时也需引进更多亲缘关系较远的其他品种进而拓展陇东地区小麦品种的选育工作。
In order to understand the genetic diversity and community structure of winter wheat in Longdong area, 105 pairs of primers were used to analyze the genetic diversity and population structure of 56 winter wheat cultivars in Longdong area. The results of electrophoresis Statistics found that 85 pairs of SSR primers showed polymorphism. The results showed that a total of 85 pairs of primers with polymorphism detected 243 alleles with a variation range of 2 to 6 with an average of 2.86 per marker with an average of 0.438 5 diversity. Polymorphism information content ( PIC) ranged from 0.035 7 to 0.746 2 with an average of 0.382 4. The average obtained validity of each marker in genetic diversity was 93.8%, and the Shannon index ranged from 0.092 2 to 1.562 2. The genetic similarity The index (GS) ranged from 0.509 6 to 0.760 6 with an average of 0.641 4, and the GS value of 0.619 0 divided 56 materials into 5 groups. According to the population genetic structure analysis, 56 materials were divided into 2 subgroups , Each sub-group contains 29,27 copies of material. The results showed that the genetic background of winter wheat in eastern Gansu Province was relatively abundant, which could provide rich parental resources for breeding work in the future. At the same time, it was necessary to introduce more other varieties with more distant relatives to further expand the breeding of wheat varieties in eastern Gansu Province.