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目的通过分析职业病诊断机构2014年职业病报告的常见错误,分析职业病诊断机构职业病报告质量的控制要素,以有效指导各地职业病诊断机构的报告及各级职业病报告业务管理机构的审核、质控。方法使用全国各职业病诊断机构于2014年1月1日—12月31日通过“职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统”进行的常规职业病个案报告,并经省级职业病报告业务管理机构审核但未修改的各类职业病(不包括职业性放射性疾病)原始个案资料,对报告数据的常见错误进行描述性分析,对职业病报告质量控制要素进行识别。结果 30 005条尘肺记录的主要问题是关键信息缺失(279条)、新病例重复记录(1 077条)、用人单位基本信息有误(8 093条)、统计工种错误或需核实(545条)等;除尘肺外的3 094条职业病记录的主要问题有用人单位信息缺失(15条)、重复报告(24条)、职业性化学中毒急慢性归类错误(16条)等。结论职业病诊断机构职业病报告的质控要点在于准确收集病例职业史以及相关基本信息,如用人单位所属行业、开始接尘年龄、实际接尘工龄、劳动者工种等;职业病报告业务审核机构要重点审核用人单位行业归类、新病例重复报告及急慢性中毒的归类;同时通过完善“职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统”、加强职业病报告相关知识培训、保持报告人员的稳定等措施,亦有利于进一步提高职业病报告质量。
Objective To analyze the control factors of occupational disease reporting quality in occupational disease diagnosis institutions by analyzing the common mistakes of occupational disease report agencies in 2014 so as to effectively guide the reports of occupational disease diagnosis organizations and the auditing and quality control of occupational disease reporting agencies at all levels. Methods The routine occupational disease cases reported by various occupational disease diagnosis institutions across the country from January 1 to December 31, 2014 through the Occupational Disease and Occupational Health Information Monitoring System were reviewed and approved by the Provincial Occupational Disease Reporting Business Administration The original case data of various types of occupational diseases (excluding occupational radioactive diseases) that were revised were descriptively analyzed on the common mistakes of the reported data to identify the quality control elements of occupational disease reporting. Results The main problems of 30 005 pneumoconiosis records were the lack of key information (279), the repeated records of new cases (1,077), the incorrect basic information of employers (8,093), the errors of statistical types of work or the need to verify (545) And so on; the main problems of 3 094 occupational diseases recorded outside the lungs were the lack of information on 15 units, repetitive reports (24 articles) and the misdiagnosis of acute and chronic occupational chemical poisoning (16 articles). Conclusion The key points of quality control of occupational disease diagnosis in occupational disease diagnosis institutions are accurate collection of occupational history of cases and relevant basic information, such as the occupational unit’s industry, the age of dust collection, the actual service life of dust, the type of laborers, etc .; The classification of employers’ industries, repeated reports of new cases and the classification of acute and chronic poisoning. At the same time, some measures such as perfecting “Occupational Diseases and Occupational Health Information Monitoring System”, strengthening relevant knowledge training of occupational disease reports and maintaining the stability of reporters, etc. Help to further improve the quality of occupational disease reporting.