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采用数值模拟计算与物理模型相似试验,并与正交设计相结合,分析了锚杆“导轨作用”效应受各影响因素的影响程度以及影响趋势规律。结果表明:对锚杆轴力影响最大的是岩性,随着节理错动,锚杆直径和节理性质的影响增大;直径和锚固角是分离量的主要影响因素,剪切位移最大时,岩性成为最大影响因素,交角与分离量呈负增长,其他因素均为正相关;对岩体剪切强度影响最大的因素是岩性,节理性质次之,除锚固角外,其他因素均与剪切力呈正增长。在影响规律基础上,分析了各因素对锚杆导轨效应影响的内在机理,并通过室内试验做了进一步验证。研究成果对煤炭开采等工程载荷下裂隙岩体稳定性的锚杆加固控制以及保证工程安全具有积极意义。
The numerical simulation is used to simulate the physical model and the orthogonal experiment is used to analyze the effect of the influence of the bolt “guide rail ” and the influence trend. The results show that the most influential factor on the axial force of rock bolts is lithology. With the dislocation of joints, the influence of bolt diameter and joint quality increases. Diameter and anchorage angle are the main influencing factors. When the shear displacement is maximum, Lithology has the biggest influence factor, and there is a negative correlation between the angle of intersection and the amount of separation, and other factors are all positive. The most influential factor on the shear strength of rock mass is lithology, followed by the joint, except for the anchorage angle, The shear force shows a positive growth. Based on the influence law, the internal mechanism of various factors affecting the effect of the guideway of the anchor rod was analyzed and further verified by laboratory tests. The research results have positive significance to the reinforcement control of rock bolts and the safety of engineering under the load of coal mining and other engineering loads.