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目的 探讨有氧锻炼对青少年心理健康的作用 ,为促进学生身心健康提供依据。方法 采用焦虑 (SAS)、抑郁 (CES -D)和自尊 (SES)量表及自制运动行为自评表 ,整群随机抽取云南省 8个地区 2 8所中学、6所大学初高中及大学生 4 838名进行调查 ,并按性别分层作锻炼优劣队列的焦虑、抑郁或自尊比较。结果 青少年运动不足达 53.35 % ,女生 (58.2 0 % )显著高于男生 (49.1 9% ) ,尤以高中学段突出。女生SAS ,SES,CES-D得分分别为 (43 .1 7± 8.43) ,(2 1 .89± 4 .2 1 ) ,(9.96± 5.41 )分 ,显著高于男生的 (42 .52± 4 .33) ,(2 1 .41± 5.39) ,(9.51± 8.58)分 (P <0 .0 5)。体育人口自尊水平高 ,焦虑、抑郁水平低于对照组。结论 有氧锻炼对心理健康有积极的作用。
Objective To explore the effect of aerobic exercise on mental health of adolescents and provide the basis for promoting their physical and mental health. Methods SAS, CES-SES and self-assessment of self-made motor behavior were used in the study. 28 high schools, 8 junior high schools, and 4 junior high schools in Yunnan Province were randomly selected. 838 surveyed and stratified by sex to compare the anxiety, depression or self-esteem of exercise cohort. Results Adolescent exercise was less than 53.35%, and girls (58.2%) were significantly higher than boys (49.1%), especially in high school. The scores of SAS, SES and CES-D in female students were (43.1 ± 8.43), (21.89 ± 4.21) and (9.96 ± 5.41), respectively, which were significantly higher than those of male students (42.52 ± 4 .33), (21.41 ± 5.39), (9.51 ± 8.58) points (P <0.05). Sports self-esteem level is high, anxiety, depression level is lower than the control group. Conclusion Aerobic exercise has a positive effect on mental health.