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目的了解2006-2015年重庆市5岁以下儿童先天异常死亡的变化趋势。方法采用重庆市5岁以下儿童死亡监测网收集的2006-2015年以人群为基础的监测资料,计算5岁以下儿童先天异常死亡专率、构成比和年龄分布情况。结果重庆市5岁以下儿童先天异常死亡率由2006年的185.1/10万下降至2015年的145.1/10万。5岁以下儿童先天性心脏病、神经管畸形和先天愚型死亡率均明显下降。先天异常死亡占5岁以下儿童死亡的比例由2006年的14.3%上升至2010年的20.1%。5岁以下儿童先天异常死亡主要发生在婴儿期,尤其是新儿期。结论先天异常占5岁以下儿童死亡比例逐年上升,应继续加强出生缺陷三级预防,进一步减少5岁以下儿童先天异常死亡。
Objective To understand the trend of congenital anomalous death in children under 5 in Chongqing from 2006 to 2015. Methods Based on population-based monitoring data from 2006 to 2015 collected from the death monitoring network for children under 5 years old in Chongqing, the author calculated the specific rate, composition ratio and age distribution of congenital abnormal deaths in children under 5 years of age. Results The congenital anomalous mortality rate of children under 5 in Chongqing dropped from 185.1% in 2006 to 145.1% in 2015. Children under 5 years of age congenital heart disease, neural tube defects and Down’s death rates were significantly decreased. The proportion of deaths due to congenital abnormalities among children under 5 years old rose from 14.3% in 2006 to 20.1% in 2010. Congenital abnormal deaths in children under 5 years of age occur mainly in infancy, especially in newborns. Conclusions Congenital abnormalities account for a rising proportion of deaths among children under 5 years of age. Third-level prevention of birth defects should be further strengthened to further reduce the congenital abnormal death of children under 5 years of age.