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为了评价航天员在外层空间的辐射危害,建立了载人航天辐射安全评价体系,该体系用于航天员个人剂量预估及辐射危害评价。该文利用Monte Carlo应用程序GEANT 4,结合计算机化的三维人体模型,模拟质子在空间的各向同性条件,估算了单能质子造成航天员11个辐射敏感器官的吸收剂量值;并且利用某次神舟飞船所测得的质子各能量段注量数据,估算了此次飞行中各辐射敏感器官的剂量,其中皮肤剂量与飞船上所用的L iF剂量计所测得的剂量值拟合较好,与俄美所测量和计算值100~300μG y/d接近。
In order to evaluate the radiation hazards of astronauts in outer space, a system for evaluating the radiation safety of manned spacecraft was established, which is used for the estimation of personal dose of astronauts and radiation hazard assessment. In this paper, Monte Carlo application GEANT 4 is used to simulate the isotropic condition of proton in space by computerized three-dimensional human body model, and the absorbed dose of 11 radionuclides of astronauts caused by single-energy proton is estimated. Shenzhou spacecraft measured proton energy segment fluency data to estimate the dose of radiation-sensitive organs in this flight, in which the skin dose and spacecraft L iF dosimeter measured dose values fit well, And Russia and the United States measured and calculated value of 100 ~ 300μG y / d close.