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目的研究儿童疾病分类构成变化,为临床治疗决策提供宏观指导。方法分析我院自2000年1月~2005年12月的4836例0~5岁住院儿童不同年龄阶段的疾病构成,死亡原因及病死率。结果新生儿组占同期5岁以下住院儿童总数的17.7%,疾病第一顺位为新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病。婴儿组、幼儿组、学龄前期组分别占同期5岁以下住院患儿总数的24.8%、31.9%、25.6%,疾病第一顺位均为呼吸系统感染。本组住院儿童病死率为9.3‰;1岁以下儿童病死率高于1岁~5岁儿童病死率,差异有显著统计学意义。结论呼吸系统感染性疾病是0~5岁儿童疾病分类构成的重要组成部分,也是导致其死亡的主要原因。
Objective To study the changes of children’s disease classification and provide macroscopic guidance for clinical treatment decision-making. Methods A total of 4836 hospitalized 0 to 5-year-old children in our hospital from January 2000 to December 2005 were analyzed for disease composition, cause of death and case fatality rate in different age groups. Results The newborn group accounted for 17.7% of the total number of hospitalized children under 5 years of age in the same period. The first overall disease was neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Infant, toddler and pre-school groups accounted for 24.8%, 31.9% and 25.6% of the total number of hospitalized children under 5 years of age in the same period, respectively. The first overall rank was respiratory infection. The hospital mortality rate of children in this group was 9.3 ‰; the mortality rate of children under 1 year old was higher than that of children aged 1 to 5 years, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions Respiratory infectious diseases are an important part of the disease classification of children aged 0 ~ 5 years and the main cause of death.