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基层群众自治是实现人民当家作主最有效、最广泛的途径。中国共产党基层群众自治思想贯穿于革命、建设、改革各个历史时期,体现了历史发展连续性和阶段性的统一。民主革命时期,中国共产党高举人民民主大旗,提出了以乡村自治为主体的基层群众自治思想,推动了新民主主义革命的发展进程。新中国成立后,伴随着党的工作重心向城市转移,中国共产党充分肯定并利用城市出现的基层群众性自治组织,为实现社会秩序稳定、进行社会主义革命和建设提供政治保障。改革开放新时期,党恢复发展城市居民自治并且对农村中出现的村民自治给予高度关注,并引导其积极发展,使其制度化、规范化,在探索中国特色社会主义民主政治进程中,最终确立了基层群众自治制度。考察中国共产党基层群众自治思想的发展历程,总结其宝贵历史经验,对于建设中国特色社会主义民主政治具有重要作用。
Grassroots mass self-government is the most effective and extensive way to realize people’s masters. The Communist Party of China’s grass-roots mass self-governance ideology runs through all historical periods of revolution, construction and reform, embodying the continuity of history and the unity of phases. During the period of democratic revolution, the Communist Party of China held high the banner of people’s democracy and proposed the idea of grassroots mass autonomy based on village autonomy and promoted the development of the new-democratic revolution. After the founding of New China, along with the shift of the party’s work center to the cities, the CPC fully affirmed and utilized the self-government organizations at the grassroots level in cities to provide political guarantee for the stability of social order and for the socialist revolution and construction. In the new period of reform and opening up, the Party restored the autonomy of urban residents and paid close attention to the autonomy of villagers appearing in rural areas, and guided them to develop actively so that they were institutionalized and standardized. In exploring the socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics, the party finally established Grass-roots mass autonomy system. Examining the course of development of the theory of the constitutional autonomy of the grassroots by the Communist Party of China and summarizing its valuable historical experience play an important role in building a socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics.