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由 Ｐｕｃｃｉｎｉａ ｒｅｃｏｎｄ ｉｔａ Ｒｏｂ ｅｒｇｅ ｅｘ Ｄｅｓｍ ａｚ 引起 的小麦叶锈 病，是全世 界的一种 主要小 麦病害。为了评价栽培品种 在减少产量损失、增加遗传抗性方面的进展，对 １９６６～１９８８ 年间在墨西 哥西北部推广的 Ｃ Ｉ Ｍ Ｍ Ｙ Ｔ（国际 玉米小麦改良中心）普通小麦品种进行了重复试验。４ 个年度 采用正常播期，２个年度 采用晚播，通过邻 近种植接种行作为 传染源。叶锈造成的 平均产量损失为 ６．６％ ～６２．７％ ，与 最终病情严重度密切相关（ｒ＝ ０．８９８， Ｐ＜ ０．０１），并与病害扩展 曲线下的相对面积 显著相关（ｒ＝ ０．９１７， Ｐ＜０．０１）。产量 损失主要由于粒重 下降、每平方米粒 数和籽粒灌 浆速度降 低而引起。慢 锈品种 Ｃｏｃｏｒａｑｕｅ７５、 Ｎａｃｏｚａｒｉ ７６、 Ｏｐａｔａ ８５ 和 Ｂａｃａｎｏｒａ ８８ 的产量损失 为 ７． ７％ ～１０．４％ ，与免 疫品种 Ｏａｓｉｓ ８６ 的 ６． ６％和抗性品种 Ｃｉａｎｏ ７９ 的 １０．２％ 相似。６ 个试验中，通过良种途径而提高的产量潜 力，防 治区每年平均为０．４８％ （ｒ２ ＝ ０．３８， Ｐ＜ ０．０１），未防治区为 ２．２１％ （ｒ２ ＝ ０．４７， Ｐ?
Wheat leaf rust, caused by Puccinia reconda, Rob erge ex Des az, is a major wheat disease worldwide. In order to evaluate the progress of cultivars in reducing yield loss and increasing genetic resistance, repeated tests were conducted on CIMM Y T (International Corn and Wheat Improvement Center) wheat variety, which was popularized in northwestern Mexico from 1966 to 1988. Normal sowing date was adopted in 4 years, late sowing was conducted in 2 years, and inoculation line was used as a source of infection through planting in neighboring areas. The average yield loss caused by leaf rust was 6.6% ~ 62.7%, which was closely related to the final severity (r = 0.898, P <0.01) and was significantly correlated with the relative area under the disease extension curve (R = 0.917, P <0.01). Yield loss is mainly due to decreased grain weight, grains per square meter and grain filling rate decreased. Yield losses of the slow-rust cultivars Cocoraque 75, Nacozari 76, Opata 85 and Bacanora 88 were 7. 7% ~ 10.4%, with immune variety Oasis 86 6. 6% is similar to the 10.2% of the resistant variety Ciano 79. In the six experiments, the yield potential increased by the thoroughbred route was 0.48% (r2 = 0.38, P <0.01) in the control area and 2.21% in the non-control area (r2 = 0. 47, P?