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分别采用浸泡腐蚀实验、电化学测试技术、扫描电化学显微镜(SECM)分析技术和慢应变速率拉伸(SSRT)及应力腐蚀(SCC)实验方法对比研究了316L和HR-2奥氏体不锈钢在三氯化铁溶液中的腐蚀行为,并探讨了腐蚀机理。结果表明,不受力条件下316L和HR-2不锈钢的耐腐蚀性能均较好,316L钢呈现出较轻的点腐蚀现象。在动态拉应力作用下,316L和HR-2不锈钢均表现出较高的应力腐蚀开裂敏感性,原因是拉应力促进了不锈钢表面钝化膜的破裂,加速应力腐蚀裂纹的萌生和扩展。316L不锈钢的SCC敏感性稍高于HR-2不锈钢,归因于316L不锈钢点蚀敏感性稍高,因而表面钝化膜在动态拉伸载荷作用下更易于破裂。
The corrosion resistance of 316L and HR-2 austenitic stainless steels was compared with the results of immersion corrosion test, electrochemical test, SECM analysis and SSRT and SCC methods Corrosion behavior in ferric chloride solution, and discussed the corrosion mechanism. The results show that 316L and HR-2 stainless steel have better corrosion resistance under 316L steel and lighter pitting corrosion. Under dynamic tensile stress, both 316L and HR-2 stainless steels show high sensitivity to stress corrosion cracking because tensile stress promotes the rupture of passivation film on the stainless steel surface and accelerates the initiation and propagation of stress corrosion cracking. The SCC sensitivity of 316L stainless steel is slightly higher than that of HR-2 stainless steel, which is attributed to the slightly higher pitting corrosion susceptibility of 316L stainless steel, so the surface passivation film is more prone to rupture under the dynamic tensile load.