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普通用途英语与专门用途英语之间的最重要区别之一就是专门用途英语是建立在学生的需求分析基础上的,而普通用途英语是不区分学生的需求的。其原因是,在国内的外语教学中,普通英语被认为是一种系统的语言教育,而专门用途英语被认为是一种与某一行业相关的语言培训。需求分析的目的是找出学生的“需求”——或者说是学生的优势或弱点——以便有针对性地设立培训目标和实施教学。因此,在进行需求分析时我们需要建立一些参数。需求分析的方法可以多种多样,只要达到目的就可以采用。
One of the most important differences between general-purpose and specialized English is that ESP is based on student needs analysis, which is not differentiated by student needs. The reason is that in the foreign language teaching in the country, common English is considered as a systematic language education, while ESP is considered to be a kind of language training related to an industry. The purpose of requirements analysis is to find out the “needs” of the students - or the strengths or weaknesses of the students - in order to set training objectives and teachings in a targeted manner. Therefore, we need to set some parameters when doing the requirements analysis. There are many ways demand analysis can be done, as long as the goal is achieved.