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检测食用菌中微量元素的方法很多,如:离子色谱法、原子吸收法(Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy,AAS)、原子荧光法、X射线荧光光谱法、电化学传感器法等,但受仪器自身的限制和试样基质的干扰,往往不能系统的推广开来,更无法建立标准。因此,迫切需要找到一种能同时测定食用菌中所有金属元素含量的新方法。本研究首先选择干灰化法、湿法消解法和微波消解法进行样品前处理,确定样品的消化方式。同时优化了电感耦合等离子发射光谱(Inductively Coupled Plasma,ICP)的实验条件。其次在精密度(S)、变异系数(RSD)和回收率等方面,对AAS法与ICP法进行考量。得出ICP法具有可同时检测多种金属元素,并且仪器具有操作简单、检测周期短、灵敏度高、精密度好、准确性高等优势。目前,在食用菌“行标”及“国标”中并没有制定相关的检测标准。本研究的建立为食用菌中金属元素检测提供了方法依据。
Detection of trace elements in edible mushrooms many ways, such as: ion chromatography, atomic absorption (Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, AFS), atomic fluorescence, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, electrochemical sensor method, but by the instrument itself and Sample matrix interference, often can not be systematic to promote open, but can not establish standards. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find a new method that can simultaneously determine the content of all the metal elements in edible fungi. In this study, the samples were pretreated by dry ashing, wet digestion and microwave digestion to determine the sample digestion. At the same time, the experimental conditions of Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) were optimized. Secondly, the AAS method and the ICP method were considered in terms of precision (S), coefficient of variation (RSD) and recovery rate. It is concluded that the ICP method can detect many kinds of metal elements at the same time, and the instrument has the advantages of simple operation, short detection cycle, high sensitivity, good precision and high accuracy. At present, there is no relevant testing standard in edible mushroom “standard ” and “national standard ”. The establishment of this study provides a method basis for the detection of metal elements in edible fungi.