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血管紧张素Ⅱ(angiotensinⅡ,AngⅡ)是由8个氨基酸组成的线性小肽,是肾素-血管紧张素系统(renin-angiotensin system,RAS)的主要效应因子。血管紧张素Ⅱ1型(angiotensinⅡ1receptor,AT1R)和血管紧张素Ⅱ2型受体(angiotensinⅡ 2 receptor,AT2R)分别是AngⅡ作用的靶细胞的表面特异性G蛋白偶联1型和2型受体。AngⅡ通过上述2种受体参与调节血管舒缩、水盐平衡、细胞增殖、炎性反应、细胞凋亡等生物学功能。目前对AT1R的研究较多,在多种组织和器官中AT1R几乎介导了AngⅡ所有已知的生物学功能,但还不十分明确AT2R功能。随着对AngⅡ受体与肿瘤关系认识的深入,AT2R与肿瘤之间的联系也越来越受到重视。近年来AT2R诱导细胞凋亡的作用在肿瘤细胞中也有所发现,这提示AT2R可能作为肿瘤凋亡诱导因子来发挥作用,并有望成为肿瘤治疗的新靶点。
AngiotensinⅡ (AngⅡ) is a linear small peptide consisting of 8 amino acids. It is the main effector of renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Angiotensin II receptor (AT1R) and angiotensin II (2) receptor (AT2R) are surface-specific G protein-coupled type 1 and type 2 receptors for Ang II-targeted cells, respectively. AngⅡis involved in the regulation of vasomotor, water and salt balance, cell proliferation, inflammatory response, apoptosis and other biological functions through the above two receptors. At present, there are many studies on AT1R. AT1R mediates almost all known biological functions of AngⅡ in many tissues and organs, but AT2R function is not yet fully understood. With the deep understanding of the relationship between angiotensin II receptor and tumor, the relationship between AT2R and tumor is more and more attention. In recent years, the role of AT2R induced apoptosis in tumor cells have also been found, suggesting that AT2R may play a role as a tumor inducer of apoptosis, and is expected to become a new target for cancer treatment.