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目的：本研究拟通过兔双侧ＴＭＪ间接性损伤的动物模型，经组织病理学观察来探讨高分子量透明质酸对这种损伤的影响作用。方法：选用２８只３～４月龄新西兰白兔，平均分为６个实验组和１个对照组。首先制作兔双侧ＴＭＪ间接性损伤的动物模型，然后右侧关节腔内注射透明质酸，左侧注射同等量的生理盐水，１周１次，每次０．１ｍｌ，共５次。同时，分别于伤后２４小时、３天、７天、２周、１月、３月时处死，完整切除双侧ＴＭＪ行常规ＨＥ染色的组织病理学检查。结果：使用生理盐水的左侧ＴＭＪ显示了比较明显的退行性骨关节病样的改变。与注射透明质酸的右侧关节相比，两者在损伤程度方面经统计学处理具有显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）。而且，在整个观察期间未见一例关节内粘连的存在。结论：初步认为透明质酸在防止ＴＭＪ外伤后粘连形成和抑制软骨退变等方面可能具有一定作用。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HA) on this lesion in an animal model of indirect TMJ bilateral lesion by histopathology. Methods: Twenty-eight New Zealand white rabbits aged 3 to 4 months were selected and divided into 6 experimental groups and 1 control group. First of all, bilateral TMJ rabbit models of indirect injury were made. Then the right intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid, the left injection of the same amount of saline, 1 week, each 0.1ml, a total of 5 times. At the same time, they were sacrificed at 24 hours, 3 days, 7 days, 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months after injury. Histopathological examination of bilateral TMJ underwent routine HE staining. Results: Left TMJ with saline showed a more obvious degenerative change in the degenerative joint. Compared with the right joint of hyaluronic acid injection, the two groups had significant statistical significance (P <0.05) in the degree of injury. Moreover, there was no evidence of intra-articular adhesions throughout the observation period. Conclusion: Hyaluronic acid may play a role in preventing the formation of adhesions after TMJ trauma and inhibiting the degeneration of cartilage.