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本文介绍了用仅有V形切口而不预制裂纹的圆柱试样测试材料平面应变断裂韧度的新方法.试样经拉伸断裂后,断口仍明显分为环形裂纹和圆截面脆性断口两部分,两者的分界线即为裂纹失稳扩展的临界位置.通过断裂图可精确确定临界载荷,从试样断口可准确测量脆性断口直径;而且圆柱试样能理想地满足平面应变和小范围屈服的条件,因此,可测定材料平面应变断裂韧度的准确值.由于该方法不需要单独预制裂纹,设备简单,方法简便,故易于推广.
In this paper, a new method of testing the plane strain fracture toughness of a specimen with a V-shaped but not pre-cracked cylindrical specimen is introduced.The fractures are still obviously divided into two parts: annular crack and circular fracture with brittle fracture , The boundary of the two is the critical position of the crack instability expansion.The critical load can be accurately determined by the fracture diagram and the diameter of the brittle fracture can be accurately measured from the fracture surface of the specimen.The cylindrical specimen can satisfactorily meet the plane strain and small- Therefore, the exact value of the plane strain fracture toughness of the material can be determined.Because the method does not require a separate prefabricated crack, the equipment is simple and the method is simple and easy to popularize.