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本文对国际上铝电解有特色的节能科技动向作了综述。在降低槽电压方面,介绍了改变炼铝电化学反应,降低阳极超电压,研制新型电化学反应器以及减小槽电阻的若干途径;指出减小槽电阻时,采用含锂氧化铝,降低极距,用石墨层间化合物碳素底块,消除气泡等具有重要意义;在提高电流效率方面,指出了阳极气泡大小很重要,后者可通过 Al_2O_3浓度加以调节。提出了保持高电流效率的若干准则。
In this paper, the international energy-saving technologies for aluminum electrolysis have been reviewed. In the aspect of reducing the cell voltage, several ways to change the electrochemical reaction of aluminum, reduce the anode overvoltage, develop a new electrochemical reactor and reduce the cell resistance are introduced. When the cell resistance is reduced, lithium aluminum oxide is used to reduce the cell voltage It is of great importance to use graphite intercalation compound carbon blocks, to eliminate bubbles, etc. In terms of improving the current efficiency, it is important to point out that the size of the anode bubble is very important and the latter can be adjusted by the concentration of Al 2 O 3. Several guidelines for maintaining high current efficiency have been proposed.