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(一) 1934年以前,美国的电信事业是由各州分别管理的。1934年,罗斯福总统主持制定了美国的《通信法》,同时成立联邦通信委员会(FCC),作为联邦政府一级管理电信事业的机构。FCC的目标有五个,第一个就是:尽可能为发展电信事业创造不受管制的、竞争的市场环境。在FCC的五项主要任务中,第一项是审查电信资费;第五项是监督公共电信公司以合理的资费为用户提供通信服务,消除不合理的差别或优待。从中可以看出,美国管理电信资费总的政策是使各通信企业以公平合理的资费展开竞争,从而达到反对垄断,使美国人民能够以合理的资费,迅速、高效地同全国和全世界进行有无线通信的目的。美国的电信资费政策是法律性规定。资费政策制定之后,即向社会公布,任何电信企业和用户必须一
(A) Before 1934, the telecommunications industry in the United States was governed by the states separately. In 1934, President Roosevelt presided over the development of the United States “Communications Act” and established the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) as a federal government agency for the management of telecommunications. The FCC has five goals. The first is to create an unregulated and competitive market environment for the development of telecommunications as much as possible. Among the five main tasks of the FCC are the first to review telecommunications tariffs and the fifth to oversee public telecommunications companies providing users with communications services at reasonable tariffs and to eliminate unreasonable differences or preferential treatment. It can be seen from the above that the overall policy of the United States in managing telecommunications tariffs is to enable all telecommunications enterprises to compete at fair and reasonable rates so as to achieve the goal of opposing the monopoly and enabling the American people to conduct prompt and efficient exchanges with the whole country and the world at reasonable rates The purpose of wireless communication. US telecommunications tariff policy is a legal requirement. Tariff policy formulation, that is, to the public, any telecom companies and users must one