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Comprehensive understanding of marine biodiversity is essential for conservation, especially for vulnerable ecosystems. In this paper, we implemented and illustrated a checklist of molluscs from the Abrolhos Parcel, Brazil, the most important coralline area in South Atlantic waters. The list features 100 species belonging to 4 classes and 85 genera, of which 15 are new records for Bahia State, northeast Brazil. The results highlight the potential for new records in the area. The species came from 54 unconsolidated sediment samples collected from the bottom of the reef with a 0.042-m2 van Veen grab . Among the listed species, Curveulima sp., Notarchus sp. and Guyanella clenchi are new records for the South Atlantic, while Caecum metamorphosicum , Eratoidea janeiroensis , Volvarina serrei , Solemya notialis , Solariorbis shimeri , and Amphithalamus glabrus are endemic to Brazilian waters. A comparison of our results with those obtained in other reef environments indicates that the Abrolhos Parcel has a rich malacofauna and suggests that many more species can still be found with more samplings.