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在稳定的植物群落里(如老的草原牧场或森林),病毒病往在并不明显,这也许是由于对病毒病最敏感的植物已被淘汰。当栽培或移植新的植物,使原植物群落变化,生态关系改变时,就常会使病毒病流行。例如,在西非的树林和灌木林中,原来就存在水蜡虫及由其传播的可可树肿枝病毒。当十九世纪从美洲热带地区引进可可树并大面积种植时,病毒侵染了可可树,带来了灾难性的后果。农作物并非天然植物群落,它们通常由大量处于同一发育阶段的同一种植物组成,因而一旦被病毒感染,会使病每病迅速蔓延。由于经济上的重要性,人们更重视对农作物中病毒生态学的研究。一、农作物的病毒源由栽培获得的被病毒感染的植株后代,通常也
In stable plant communities (such as pasture pastures or forests), the disease is not obvious, perhaps because plants that are most susceptible to viral disease have been eliminated. When the cultivation or transplanting of new plants, the original plant community changes, the ecological relationship changes, they often make the virus epidemic. For example, in the forests and shrubs of West Africa, water waxworms and the cpv swollen virus that were originally present were present. When cocoa trees were introduced from the tropical regions of the Americas in the nineteenth century and planted on a large area, the virus infects the cacao tree, with disastrous consequences. Crops are not natural plant communities. They usually consist of a large number of the same plant at the same developmental stage, so that once infected by a virus, the disease will spread rapidly. Due to their economic importance, people pay more attention to the study of virus ecology in crops. First, the virus source of crops obtained by cultivation of virus-infected plant progeny, usually also