诱导性多能干细胞与肝样细胞分化

• 作 者: 丁一 秦志华 徐存拴
• 机 构: 河南师范大学生命科学学院,河南省-科技部共建细胞分化国家重点实验室培育基地和河南省生物工程重点实验室,生物工程药物河南省工程实验室,
• 出 处: 中国生物化学与分子生物学报
• 发表日期: 2016年01期
• 关键词: 肝样细胞 肝细胞 肝脏疾病 定向诱导分化 原代肝细胞 体外分离培养 多能干细胞 自我更新能力 胚层分化 外源基因

肝脏疾病正逐渐成为全球棘手的医疗问题。肝细胞是肝脏生理活动的主要承担者,在肝脏疾病的研究以及药物的研发和测试方面有着举足轻重的作用。然而,体外分离培养的原代肝细胞面临在体外不能无限增殖和稳定表达肝脏特异基因等问题。有强大的自我更新能力和三胚层分化潜能的诱导性多能肝细胞(i PSCs)能被诱导因子、外源基因和小分子化合物等定向诱导分化为功能性肝细胞。同时,还避免了伦理、宗教以及免疫排斥等诸多问题。本文简要综述了从不同策略诱导i PSCs成为功能性肝细胞的研究方法和成果,并对该领域进行小结和展望。

Liver disease is gradually becoming a thorny medical problem in the world. Hepatocytes are the major carriers of the liver’s physiological activities and play an important role in the research of liver diseases and in the development and testing of drugs. However, primary hepatocytes isolated and cultured in vitro are confronted with the problems of inability to proliferate indefinitely and to stably express liver-specific genes in vitro. Induced pluripotent hepatocytes (iPSCs) with strong ability of self-renewal and three germ layers differentiation can be induced to differentiate into functional hepatocytes by inducing factors, exogenous genes and small molecule compounds. At the same time, many issues such as ethics, religion and immunological exclusion have also been avoided. This article briefly reviewed the research methods and achievements of inducing iPSCs into functional hepatocytes by different strategies and summarized and forecasted the field.