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众所周知,18世纪中叶以前,中日两国间的词汇交流一直是以中国向日本单向输出的形式进行的,但是18世纪中期以后,这种情况被打破,尤其以1868年的明治维新为契机,日本走上了富国强兵之路。很多先进思想理念都可以师承西方,但是在语言文化上日本对汉字、汉语、汉学的依赖却无法摆脱。因此,在翻译西方文献时,日本人利用以往的知识,或直接沿用古汉语词汇,或将古词新用,或自行创造新词,可以说,在明治时期,日本词汇在形式和内容上都进行了现代化的“大换血”。而这些新的词汇,由清朝末年派出的赴日留学生使用并逐渐定着到汉语词汇中,这就说本文要讨论的主题“日语借词”(含复合“日语借词”)。
As we all know, before the middle of the eighteenth century, the exchange of words between China and Japan has been conducted in a one-way Chinese output to Japan. However, this situation was broken after the mid-18th century, especially in the Meiji Restoration of 1868 Japan embarked on the path of becoming rich and powerful. Many advanced ideas and concepts can teach the West, but in the language and culture, Japan’s reliance on Chinese, Chinese and Sinology can not be rid of it. Therefore, in the process of translating the western literature, the Japanese used the past knowledge or used the ancient Chinese words directly or used the new words or created new words by themselves. It can be said that in the Meiji period Japanese words were both in form and content A modern “big shake”. These new terms, which were used by Japanese students sent by Japan in the late Qing Dynasty and gradually settled into the Chinese vocabulary, mean that this article is going to discuss the theme “Japanese Loan ” (including compound “Japanese Loan ”).