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国有企业改革需在宏观层次突破 董辅礽指出,国有企业的改革应分为两个层次来考虑和进行,一是宏观的层次,二是微观的层次。 改革国有企业是为了从整体上发挥国有经济特有的、难以为非国有经济特别是非公有经济替代的功能。但当人们仅仅从微观层次考虑国有企业的改革时,往往要求国有企业都能盈利,认为这样才能为国家财政收入提供可靠的保障,才能促进国民经济的发展。如果让国有企业从竞争性部门退出来,主要在公益性、政策性和关系国家和社会安全的部门保留和发展,那岂不是会削弱国有经济在国民经济
State-owned enterprise reforms need to break through at the macro level. Dong Furui pointed out that the reform of state-owned enterprises should be divided into two levels to consider and carry out: one is the macro level and the other is the micro level. The purpose of reforming state-owned enterprises is to give full play to the features of the state-owned economy that are difficult to substitute for the non-state-owned economy, especially the non-public economy. However, when people only consider the reform of state-owned enterprises from the microscopic level, they often require the state-owned enterprises to be profitable. They believe that this can provide a reliable guarantee for the national fiscal revenue and promote the development of the national economy. If we allow state-owned enterprises to withdraw from the competitive sector, mainly in the public welfare, policy, and relations with the state and social security departments to retain and develop, then will it not weaken the state-owned economy in the national economy?