论文部分内容阅读
目的分析广西15岁以下艾滋病(AIDS)患儿的临床特征。方法对2004年9月至2012年12月,广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心抗病毒治疗门诊收治的15岁以下艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染儿童的资料进行分析。结果共收治382例AIDS患儿,98.69%(377/382)患儿的HIV感染途径为母婴传播。临床症状以发热(24.87%,95/382)、腹泻(16.75%,64/382)多见;体征以中/重度营养不良(49.74%,190/382)、淋巴结肿大(30.10%,115/382)、皮疹(20.42%,78/382)多见;机会性感染以肺炎(24.08%,92/382)、鹅口疮(18.85%,72/382)、上呼吸道感染(15.71%,60/382)多发。以世界卫生组织(WHO)临床分期Ⅲ/Ⅳ期为主,分别为39.79%(152/382)、30.89%(118/382)。免疫状态多受到中/重度抑制,分别为26.70%(102/382)、69.11%(264/382)。5岁以前HIV感染儿童病毒载量较高。受感染儿童身高、体重均明显低于正常同龄儿。结论儿童感染HIV后,发病潜伏期短,免疫系统抑制较快,临床症状多样且复杂,严重影响生长发育,因此早发现、早治疗对于儿童患者尤为重要。
Objective To analyze the clinical features of children under 15 years of age with AIDS in Guangxi. Methods From September 2004 to December 2012, the data of children under 15 years of age with HIV infection admitted to anti-virus treatment clinic of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention were analyzed. Results A total of 382 children with AIDS were treated, and 98.69% (377/382) of them were infected by HIV. The clinical symptoms were more common in patients with fever (24.87%, 95/382) and diarrhea (16.75%, 64/382). The symptoms were moderate / severe malnutrition (49.74%, 190/382), lymph nodes (30.10% 382) and rash (20.42%, 78/382). The most common opportunistic infections were pneumonia (24.08%, 92/382), thrush (18.85%, 72/382), upper respiratory tract infection Multiple hair. The WHO stage III / IV clinical stage were mainly 39.79% (152/382), 30.89% (118/382). The immune status were more moderate / severe inhibition, respectively, 26.70% (102/382), 69.11% (264/382). HIV-infected children before the age of 5 have a higher viral load. Affected children’s height and weight were significantly lower than the normal peers. Conclusion Children infected with HIV, the incubation period is short, rapid immune suppression, clinical symptoms of diverse and complex, seriously affecting the growth and development, so early detection and early treatment is particularly important for children patients.