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为了解决植物性原料堆沤基质化技术中,堆沤基质氮素易损失、含量过高,不能直接应用于苗木栽培中的问题,以及了解堆沤基质后期氮素释放规律,通过采用土柱间歇淋洗的方法,研究了硝态氮和铵态氮随淋洗次数和淋洗时间的释放规律。结果表明:经过3次淋洗,堆沤基质氮素性质基本稳定,铵态氮的减少量达到原堆沤基质的95%,同时淋洗液铵态氮质量分数占原质量分数的比例不随原料比例、原基质铵态氮质量分数的变化而变化;而硝态氮会由于浇灌淋洗而损失殆尽。6种堆沤基质淋洗次数-硝/铵态氮释放速率累积量曲线和淋洗时间-硝/铵态氮释放速率累积量曲线可用Elovich方程、抛物线扩散方程、一级动力学方程、双常数方程表征,其中以Elovich方程拟合度最好,淋溶次数较淋溶时间更能反映硝态氮、铵态氮累积释放速率。本次试验所得的m(水)∶m(土)=20∶1可为实际生产中植物性原料堆沤基质化处理提供参考。
In order to solve the problem of maize plantation materialization, the problem of easy loss and high content of N, N, N can not be directly applied to nursery stock cultivation, Leaching method to study the release of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen with the leaching times and leaching time. The results showed that after three times of rinsing, the nitrogen of reactor was basically stable, the reduction of ammonium nitrogen reached 95% of the original reactor, and the proportion of ammonium nitrogen in eluate to the original mass fraction did not change with the raw material The proportion of the original matrix ammonium nitrogen content changes and changes; and nitrate nitrogen will be lost due to irrigation and leaching. The cumulative leaching times of nitrate / ammonium nitrogen and the rinsing time of nitrogen / ammonium nitrogen can be calculated by Elovich equation, parabolic diffusion equation, first-order kinetic equation, double constant Elovich equation was the best, and the number of leaching was more than the leaching time, which could better reflect the cumulative release rate of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen. The m (water): m (soil) = 20: 1 obtained in this experiment can provide a reference for the treatment of the plant material pheasant in the actual production.