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目的分析1991-2011年湖北居民膳食锌摄入状况及变化趋势。方法选取1991-2011年“中国健康与营养调查”八轮调查中有完整3 d 24 h膳食调查数据的7岁及以上湖北居民作为研究对象,应用SPSS17.0软件进行统计分析。结果 2011年湖北居民平均每日锌摄入量为11.50 mg/d,成年人高于儿童青少年,男性高于女性,县城、农村高于城市、郊区。男性居民锌摄入量低于平均需要量(EAR)的人群比例高于女性。儿童青少年平均每日锌摄入量从1991年的11.57 mg下降到2011年的10.26 mg,锌摄入量低于平均需要量(EAR)的人群比例1991年和2011年分别为18.57%和23.94%。1991-2011年,膳食锌摄入量低于平均需要量(EAR)的人群比例城市从19.25%升至37.82%,郊区从14.34%升至33.19%,县城从19.14%降至14.13%,农村从27.87%降至13.51%。结论湖北居民普遍存在膳食锌摄入不足。应重点关注儿童青少年以及城市和县城居民锌摄入下降的趋势,需要进行适当干预以增加膳食锌摄入量。
Objective To analyze the status of dietary zinc intake and its changing trend among Hubei residents from 1991 to 2011. Methods A total of 7-year-old and above Hubei residents with 3-day-24-hour dietary survey data from 1991 to 2011 and China Health and Nutrition Survey were selected as research subjects. SPSS17.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results In 2011, the average daily intake of zinc in Hubei was 11.50 mg / d. Adults were higher than children and adolescents, and were higher in males than in females and counties. Rural areas were higher than cities and suburbs. The proportion of people with Zinc less than the average requirement (EAR) among men is higher than that among women. The average daily intake of zinc for children and adolescents dropped from 11.57 mg in 1991 to 10.26 mg in 2011 and the proportion of people whose zinc intake was below the average requirement (EAR) was 18.57% and 23.94% respectively in 1991 and 2011 . From 1991 to 2011, the proportion of people with a dietary zinc intake below the average requirement (EAR) increased from 19.25% to 37.82%, the suburbs rose from 14.34% to 33.19% and the county fell from 19.14% to 14.13% 27.87% to 13.51%. Conclusions Hubei residents generally have insufficient intake of dietary zinc. Emphasis should be placed on the declining trend in zinc intake among children and adolescents and urban and county residents, requiring appropriate interventions to increase dietary zinc intake.