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目的探讨出生缺陷儿母亲心理健康状况,为制定干预措施提供依据。方法采用一般情况调查问卷及症状自评量表(SCL-90)对595例出生缺陷儿母亲及1 249例出生正常儿母亲进行调查评定。结果 SCL-90的9个因子中,出生缺陷儿母亲躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性因子分均明显高于出生正常儿母亲(均有P<0.01)。出生缺陷儿母亲不同受教育程度之间SCL-90因子分比较差异均有统计学意义(均有P<0.05);不同职业之间SCL-90因子分比较,差异无统计学意义(均有P>0.05);不同年龄段之间SCL-90恐怖因子分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。城镇与农村出生缺陷儿母亲SCL-90因子分比较,差异无统计学意义(均有P>0.05)。结论出生缺陷儿母亲心理健康水平低,应加强出生缺陷儿母亲心理干预。
Objective To explore the mental health status of mothers with birth defects and provide the basis for making interventions. Methods A total of 595 mothers with birth defects and 1 249 mothers with normal births were surveyed using the general questionnaire and the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90). Results Among the nine factors of SCL-90, the somatization, obsessive-compulsive disorder, interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety, hostility, terror, paranoid and psychotic factors in mothers with birth defects were significantly higher than those with normal birth mothers (all P < 0.01). There were significant differences in SCL-90 scores among different birth-bearing mothers (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in SCL-90 scores between different occupations (P > 0.05). There were significant differences in SCL-90 terror factors among different age groups (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in SCL-90 scores among mothers with birth defects in urban and rural areas (all P> 0.05). Conclusion The level of mental health of mothers with birth defects is low. Psychological intervention should be strengthened in mothers with birth defects.