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狄尔泰从他的《精神科学引论》到《历史世界的建构》形成了一个历史哲学的“体系”。他以“生命单元”、“体验”、“理解”、“表达”等概念组成了一个互动性的关联的系统,把“生命”作为史学理论的起点,依靠精神科学试图使历史作为科学成为可能。本文在思想史背景中,指出他在实证科学和纯粹逻辑之间,选择了心理学作为精神科学认识论和方法论基础,并引入互动性关联系统,丰富了历史哲学的内容。然而把精神科学认识论限制在经验范围内会导致完全的主观性,因此不应把心理学作为历史哲学的基础。
Dilthey formed a “system” of historical philosophy from his “Introduction to Spirit Science” to “the construction of the historical world.” He composed an interactive relation system such as “life unit ”, “experience ”, “understanding ” and “expression ”. Taking “life” as the starting point of historical theory, Relying on the science of the mind to try to make history as science possible. In the background of ideological history, this article points out that he chose psychology as the basis of epistemology and methodology of psycho-science between positive science and pure logic, and introduced the interactive relation system to enrich the content of historical philosophy. However, to limit the epistemology of the mind to the empirical range leads to complete subjectivity, so psychology should not be used as the basis of historical philosophy.