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目的 探讨我国不同特征低出生体重儿发生的有关危险因素。方法 1998年 7～ 10月 ,对我国 11个省 4 4个县市的 999例低出生体重儿进行 1∶1病例对照研究。结果 我国低体重儿发生的危险因素主要为多胎、孕周不足、孕期异常、孕期营养差、母亲疾病史及母亲文化程度低等 ,其OR值分别为 10 6 9、18 79、3 4 2、1 93、2 6 1和 1 4 3。各危险因素在沿海、内地及边远地区的分布差异有显著性。农村低体重儿的原因主要为宫内发育迟缓 (71 6 % ) ,城市低体重儿的原因还包括多胎和早产。早产及宫内发育不全的低出生体重儿之间的危险因素存在差异。结论 有针对性地开展防治工作是降低我国低体重儿出生率的有效措施。
Objective To explore the relevant risk factors of different birth weight infants in China. Methods From July to October 1998, a total of 999 cases of low birth weight infants in 44 counties and cities in 11 provinces of China were enrolled in a 1: 1 case-control study. Results The main risk factors of low birth weight infants in our country were multiple births, inadequate gestational age, abnormal pregnancy, poor nutrition during pregnancy, low motherhood and medical history, and the OR values were 10 6 9,18 79,3 4 2, 1 93,2 6 1 and 1 4 3. The distribution of risk factors in coastal, inland and outlying areas is significant. The main cause of rural low birth weight children is intrauterine growth retardation (71 6%), and urban low birth weight children also include multiple births and premature births. There are differences in risk factors between premature delivery and intrauterine hypoplasia of low birth weight infants. Conclusion The targeted prevention and treatment work is an effective measure to reduce the birth rate of our country’s low birth weight children.