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中国几千年来是一个农业国,农村人口占全国总人口的百分之八十。解放前,只占农村人口十分之一的地主、富农占有百分之七十——八十的土地。多数农民无地少地,受地主富农的剥削,加以官吏欺压、灾害频仍,生产水平很低,生活极端贫困。解放后,在全国范围内进行了土地改革运动(一九五二年底完成),废除封建的土地所有制,将原来为地主、富农所有的约四千七百万公顷土地依法分别予以没收或征收后,分配给三亿多无地、少地的农民。农民欢欣鼓舞。土改完成以后,在农村开展了社会主义的集体化运动。这个运动加上我国整个经济建设
China has been an agricultural country for thousands of years, and its rural population accounts for 80% of the total population of the country. Before the liberation, only one tenth of the rural population was a landowner, and the rich peasants accounted for 70% to 80% of the land. Most peasants are landless and underdeveloped, exploited by landlords and rich peasants, and oppressed by officials. Disasters are frequent, production levels are extremely low, and life is extremely poor. After the liberation, a nationwide agrarian reform movement was completed (completed in 1952), the feudal system of land was abolished, and about 47 million hectares of land formerly owned by landlords and rich peasants were respectively forfeited or levied according to law , Allocated to more than 300 million farmers without land or land. Farmers rejoice. After the land reform was completed, a socialist collectivization campaign was launched in the countryside. This movement, coupled with the entire economic construction in our country