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异色瓢虫Harmonia axyridis(Pallas)和隐斑瓢虫H.yedoensis(Takizawa)是亲缘关系很近的姐妹种,在中国(北京到南岭,西至甘肃南部和西藏东部)、日本(北海道以南)和南韩等地同域分布,常常在松树等植物上共存。长期以来,隐斑瓢虫被认为是异色瓢虫的一个异名。有时从外形上很难区分这2种瓢虫,因此对于依据野外数据,分析异色瓢虫色斑型和鞘翅横脊的发生频率及小进化会产生一些错误。本文从没有隐斑瓢虫分布的东北地区的材料及其他数据,报道异色瓢虫的色斑型及鞘翅横脊发生频率。异色瓢虫的花斑型在我国东部地区(从东北至广东北部,西至甘肃和云南)发生率很低,而在新疆西北部发生率较高。鞘翅横脊的发生率从东北佳木斯的98.85%降低到云南大理的78.26%。本文列出了区分这2种瓢虫的形态特征及自然分布。如果鞘翅具横脊,则属于异色瓢虫,但如果标本来自2种瓢虫的共存区,鞘翅没有横脊,鞘翅的斑纹呈花斑型、四窗型或二窗型,则很难从外部形态上对它们进行鉴定。但这2种瓢虫的幼虫很容易区分。本文还提供了2种瓢虫的雄性外生殖器形态图、幼虫和成虫。
Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) and H.yedoensis (Takizawa) are closely related sibling species in China (Beijing to Nanling, southern Gansu and eastern Tibet), Hokkaido South) and South Korea and other regions with the distribution, often in pine and other plants coexist. Hatchling ladybugs have long been known as a synonym for heterochromatic ladybugs. Sometimes, it is difficult to distinguish the two kinds of ladybugs from the shape, so some mistakes will be made in the analysis of the occurrence frequency and small evolution of the heterochromic ladybug spot type and the coleoptera transverse ridge according to the field data. In this paper, we have never reported the materials and other data of the northeastern China distributed in the genus Spotted Ladybug. The color pattern of Harmonia axyridis is very low in eastern China (from northeast to northern Guangdong, west to Gansu and Yunnan), while it is higher in northwestern Xinjiang. The incidence of coleoptera transverse ridges decreased from 98.85% in Jiamusi, northeast China to 78.26% in Dali, Yunnan. This article lists the morphological characteristics and natural distribution of the two species of ladybugs. If the coleoptera have horizontal ridges, they are heterochromous ladybugs. However, if the specimens are derived from the coexistence of two species of ladybugs, the coleoptiles have no transverse ridges, and the coat-fin pattern is patchy, four-window or two-window, They are identified externally. But the larvae of these two kinds of ladybugs are easy to distinguish. This article also provides two types of ladybug male genitalia morphology, larvae and adults.