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目的探讨广西南宁市吴圩镇中心卫生院对农村孕妇进行预防艾滋病母婴传播的健康教育模式,为基层医院在孕期保健工作中开展艾滋病健康教育提供新思路。方法选取2014年2~6月在吴圩镇中心卫生院建卡产检的250名农村户籍孕妇,利用自行设计问卷对孕妇预防艾滋病母婴传播知识、态度、意愿进行第1次基线调查。设计利用孕妇学校开展课程讲授、在校护生主导的同伴教育及搭建手机通讯交流平台的综合健康教育模式,干预1个月后再次进行问卷调查,对比干预前后问卷调查情况,并评价健康教育效果。结果干预后孕妇对HIV病毒特点、临床表现、传播途径等18个知识点正答率均有所提高(P<0.05);其中临床分期、蚊虫叮咬、母婴传播、母婴阻断方式、国家补助政策、HIV抗体检测地点与时间、愿意与艾滋病感染者进行日常接触方面正答率增幅明显(P<0.001),说明健康教育取得一定成效。结论该健康教育模式切实可行,可有效提高农村孕妇预防艾滋病母婴传播知识的掌握程度并改善其相关态度和意愿。
Objective To explore the mode of health education for pregnant women in rural areas to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV / AIDS in Wuxu Town Center Hospital of Nanning City, Guangxi Province, and to provide new ideas for AIDS prevention and health education in primary health care in pregnancy. Methods A total of 250 rural pregnant women were enrolled in the quarantine inspection in Wuwei Town Central Hospital from February to June 2014. The first baseline survey was conducted on the knowledge, attitude and willingness of pregnant women to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV using self-designed questionnaire. Design the pregnant women’s school to carry out the course teaching, the leading peer education of school nursing students and the establishment of a comprehensive health education mode of mobile communication platform. One month after the intervention, a questionnaire survey was conducted to compare the questionnaire survey before and after the intervention and to evaluate the effect of health education . Results After the intervention, the positive rate of 18 knowledge points such as the characteristics of HIV virus, clinical manifestations and transmission routes of pregnant women were improved (P <0.05). Clinical staging, mosquito bites, mother-to-child transmission, maternal and child block, state subsidy The rate of positive and negative answers to policies, the place and time of HIV antibody testing and willingness to engage with people living with HIV increased significantly (P <0.001), indicating that some achievements have been made in health education. Conclusion This model of health education is practical and can effectively improve the mastery of rural maternal HIV / AIDS prevention knowledge and improve their attitudes and intentions.